Steam-boiler



4 Sheets-Sheet 1. T. C. BEST. STEAM BOILER.

(No Model.)

No. 498,949. Patented June 6, 1893.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-S11eet 2.

T. C. BEST.

STEAM BOILER.

"Na 498,949.V PatentedJune 6, 1893.

jena/7%? (No Model.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 3. T. C. BEST.

STEAM BOILER.

Patented June 6,1893. @BQ

rllliml" 4 Sheets-Sheet 4. T. C. BEST.

STEAM BOILER.

(N0-Model.)

Paten-ted June 6 me mums PETERS co, PNamALn no. wAsHmmon', o. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS C. BEST, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

STEAM-BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 498,949, dated June 6,1893. Application filed J' anuary 8, 1892i. Serial No. 417,420. (Nomodel.)`

To @ZZ whom it may concern: f

Be it known that 'I, THOMAS O. BEST, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago,

in the county of' Cook and Statie of Illinois,`

have invented new and useful `Improvements in Steam-Boilers, of whichthe following is a i ary, marine or any other class of boilers; secyond, to provide more efficient means for supplying the boiler withwater, preventing the deposit of sediment, keeping the interior of theboiler clean, and free from incrustation, and for blowing out anyaccumulating sediment; third, a more complete and perfect constructionof steam boiler, dispensing with what are termed legs, square fire boxesused in re boX boilers and other similar devices the construction ofwhich are not only very costly, but they are continually liable tocollect sediment, become incrusted and to burn out; fourth, to providemeans for a more perfect combustion of fuel in the fire chamber and toprevent waste in the escape of smoke. l accomplish these objects bymeans of the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings inwhich- Figure l is a side elevation of my improved steam boiler with itsvarious connections, `and withthe lower section of the head of the rearend of lthe boiler and the water supply and steam heatingr coil elevatedupon their respective hinges. Fig. 2 is a detail view of a fragmentarysection of the rim of the head of the boiler showing the groove intowhich the extension of the boiler is fitted. Fig. 3 is a longitudinalvertical section of one form of my improved boiler which is providedwith return fiues leading from the combustion chamber proper to achamber leading to the smoke stack. Fig. 4 is a cross sectional View ofmy improved boiler upon the line Qc-x of Fig. 3. Fig. 5, illustrates anovel construction of plate sheet or the end of the boiler whichcontains the furnace chamber. Fig. (i is a longitudinal verticalsectional `view of my improved steam boiler in which there are no returnflues but all the flues lead directly from the fire chamber to thecombustion chamber. Fig. 7 is a cross sectional view of my improvedboiler upon the line y-y of Fig. 6; and Fig. 8 isa cross sectional viewof my improvedboiler upon theline z-z of Fig. 6.

Like letters and numerals refer to the same i parts in the severalfigures of the drawings.

I have heretofore filed an application for Letters Patent for animprovement in steam boilers in which are shown some of the featureswhich are illustrated in my present applieation, but I do not make claimherein to any of the subject matter therein described and claimed.

The letter A represents the shell of the boiler which at both ends isextended beyond the ends or sheet plates of the boiler proper.

B is the combustion chamber formed bythe end sheet of the boiler, theextension of the shell thereof and the head plate, J, J.

In Fig. 3 I have shown a combustion chamber B having flues T which entera second combustion chamber J immediately beneath the smoke stack E.This second combustion `chamber `is separated from the fire chamber C bya partition plate which is rigidly attached to the end plate J and isconnected with the end plate or sheet plate K so as to prevent theescape of any smoke, flame or heat from the lire chamber C into thecombustion chamber B.

D represents the ordinary steam dome or steam chamber which may belocated upon the top of the boiler.

E represents the smoke stack.

F represents the flues passing from the end plate R in the fire chamberto the end plate G in the combustion chamber, Fig. 6.

F represents return flues located above the fire chamber and connectedwith the end plates orsheet plates K and G, Fig. 3.

G represents the flanged end plate at the rear of the boiler forming thefront Wall of the combustion chamber.

I represents the shell of the main boiler.

K represents the hanged end or sheet plate at the front end of theboiler the external flange of whichq is connected by rivets to the crownsheet and wall of the fire chamber forming with the extended portion ofthe main shell and the heads of the boiler J, J", a superheating chamberexterior to the IOO 4fire chalnber.

It will be observed in Fig. 5 that this flanged end K is constructed ofone solid piece having a flange upon its outer periphery and a flangeupon the opposite side extending downwardly to which the crown sheet andcircular portions of the wall of the tire chamber may be riveted.

L represents a depressed pocket formed in the bottom of the shell ot theboiler at or near the front end thereof immediately beneath the tirechamber. This depression or sediment pocket may be formed integral withthe shell of the boilerl by any well known means,

f or it may be formed of a plate riveted to the boiler; but I prefer tohave it formed by a depression in the boiler shell itself. Extendingfrom this pocket outwardly is a pipe provided with a stop cock M`through which the water of the boiler and any sediment in the boilermay be blown out.

N represents the ordinary grates located within the fire chamber andpartly within the superheating chamber, and supported by any ordinarywell known means. I prefer to have, however, the interior end supportedupon a de- {lect-or O whose upper plate is provided with perforationsand whose lower plate o is of semilunar form as shown in Fig. 7, and therear plate is provided with an opening and an adjustable door so that byadjusting this door more or less draft may pass behind this plate as maybe desired. l

I represents a series of cross pipes or a coil of pipes havingperforations in their upper surfaces which are located immediately belowthe grates N so that air forced into said cross pipes or coil ofpipesand escaping through said perforations may produce an upward blastthrough the gratcs into the fuel laid thereon.

Q represents the crown sheet of the fire chamber andg represents thelower wall of such re chamber.

R represents the rear end or sheet plate forming the interior wall ofthe lire chamber and into which the front ends of the tlues F areintroduced.

S represents a bifurcated or duplicated set of feed Water steamgenerating pipes which are located in the rear portion of the combustionchamber, and are supported by bearings 28, 29 in the extended shell ofthe boiler by means of the pipe 26 upon one side and the projection 27upon the other.

T is a pipe proceeding from the steam dome or chamber of the boilerprovided with a stop cock and connecting with this bifurcated orduplicated coil of pipes in the combustion chamber by a series of pipes18, 20, 22 provided with ball check valves 19 and 21; the coupling 18with which the pipeT is connected also having a pipe T connectedtherewith which is attached to any ordinary force pump for forcing thewaterinto-the boiler. The enlarged portion of these connections 22 isprovided internally with a spiral core and connects with the pipe 23which proceeds out of the boiler A below the hot water line, and formsan angular connection 24 with the enlarged portion 22, and then passesthrough the globe Valve 25, through the shell of the boiler at 26 andconnects with the series of bifurcated or duplicated pipes S. Thebifurcated or duplicated pipes constituting the coil in the combustionchamber are united again at the lower portion thereof and connected withthe pipe T which passes out through the extension of the shell of theboiler, and proceeds as illustrated by t to a point at or near the rearend of the boiler proper where it re-enters the boiler and is providedwith a bent nozzle M through which the heated water is introduced intothe boiler. This pipe t is provided with a stop cock Zby which the lowof water can be cut off or regulated. The series of cross pipes or coilsP Fig. 6, are connected exterior to the boiler at 17, 17, with a pipehaving three separate connections, viz., the pipe 12, which proceedsfrom the top of the boiler and is provided with a stop cock 13. A secondpipe l5 which is connected with the exhaust of the engine and has a stopcock 16, and 14 which is connected with the ordinary air or blow fan bymeans of which`air may be forced into the series of cross pipes or coilsso that when the engine is operating the coil or cross pipesP aresupplied with a blast of air reinforced by the steam of the exhaust andby steam directly from the boiler through the pipe 12.

My boiler is provided with hand holes 10, 10, upon each side of theboiler just above the line of the flues and the crown sheet, and alsowith hand holes upon opposite sides of the boiler at or near thesediment pocket which may be opened from time to time as occasion mayrequire for the purpose of inspecting and cleaning out the boiler; Theheads of the boiler both rear and front are formed in sections J, J', J,J" and are held in normal position by means of bolts and rivets 3 theends of the rivets being provided with screw threads and nuts adjustedthereto, and it is evident that the upper section may be lowered or thelower section elevated as may be required. The peripheral edge o`f theheads are provided with a recess or groovej as shown in Fig. 2corresponding to the size of the lip of the boiler, and into which theedge of the shell of the boiler is inserted. This groove is partiallyfilled with any plastic incombustible material, such as asbestus whichhardens and forms an air tight joint with the edge of the shell. Thefront head of the boiler is furnished with the ordinary ports and doorsand a port and door are provided for the ash pit, the door beingrepresented by the numeral 4 which is hinged at its upper edge and isprovided with a catch spring 6 and engages with the teeth of thepermanent ratchet 5 so that `this door maybe opened adjustably,regulating the volume of air which may be admitted into 'the ash pitbelow the grates N.

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Having thus described the various-parts and the construction of myimproved boiler,

I now proceed to describe the manner in and B which is embraced withinthe end which my improvements operate.

First. By means of the feed water pipe and the coil S the water beforeintroduction into the boiler is subjected to the intense heat proceedingfrom the iiues F and in passing through the bifurcated or duplicateportions of the coil it is retarded in its movement and exposed agreater length of time to this heat and is consequently heated up topractically the temperature of the water in the boiler.

The pipe T then carries the water outside of the combustion chamber andintroduces it at the bottom of the boiler proper where it flows rallyproduces a current of the water toward the surface of the water in theboiler, above the crown sheet, flowing thence backward and descendingbetween the tlues of the boiler at or near the nozzle M', thence forwardagain to the region of the fire box. The production of a constant andregular current is an important matter in the successful operation of aboiler where steam must be generated with great rapidity. The fiow ofthe water from the feed water pipe reinforces this natural tendency ofthe water in the boiler to form a current and creates a positive How,the water descending from the upper portions and the water flowing fromthe nozzle M passing from the lower portion of the boiler underneath thefire chamber has a direct tendency to carry all the sediment depositedby the water down beneath the tire chamber toward and into the sedimentpocket L, and when the pipe M which proceeds from the sediment pocket isopened and the water is allowed to blow off, the current is muchincreased and all the sediment in the bottom of the boiler and in thesediment pocket is blown out and by these means a better and constantcirculation of the water in the boiler is produced and the whole keptfree from deposit and incrustation. Heretofore the blow off pipe hasbeen located at or near the center portion of the boiler withoutreference to any circulation in the water and generally the pipe throughwhich the blow off of the sediment is formed slightly above the shell ofthe boiler, thus producing an abutment around which sediment can settleand form incrustations and which the blow off pipe was unable to remove.

Second. It will be seen that my improved boiler is provided with achamber at each end 0f the boiler inclosed by the end sheet or sheetplate, the extension of the shell of the boiler and the end plates. Oneof them B, shown in Fig. 6 being the combustion chamber proper plate orsheet plate of the boiler and the eX- tension of the shell of the boilerproper and the end plate constituting what I term a superheating chamberwhich lies between the end of the boiler proper and the head of theboiler. I employ a novel form ofend plate or sheet plate for this end ofthe boiler which I have illustrated in Fig. 5. It will be seen that thisplate is provided upon one side with the flange 7c which is riveted tothe shell of the boiler proper and upon the opposite side wit-h theliange k to which yare riveted the crown sheet and surroundingperipheral walls of the fire chamber. This fire chamber thus constructedis entirely surrounded by a water chamber; and the end plate or sheetRisalso provided with a tiange I-I which in like manis riveted to the crownsheet and the peripheral walls of the fire chamber, and into which, asshown in Fig. 6 the dues of the fire chamber are introduced.

Third. The detlector O which in cross sec tion is somewhat chair-shaped,is provided with perforations through its upper defiectin g plate. Thelower front plate has a semi-lunar opening through which heated air maypass into the chamber formed by the two lower plates and the adjustabledoor o enables the quantity of air which may rise up in front of theflues in the fire chamber to be regulated `and controlled. The coil orseries of pipesP located beneath the grates and having perforations intheir upper surfaces force a blast of air commingled with steam upthrough the grates upon the fuel and assist in intensitying the heat inthe furnace chamber. This.

blast is effected by means of the novel construction shown in Fig. lwhere steam from the upper portion of theboiler through the pipe l2, andsteam from the exhaust in the engine through the pipe l5 and air fromthe ordinary fan passing through the pipe 14 unite and are forced intothe coil or series of cross pipes by means of the pipe 17.

Fourth. It is evident that the volume of air entering the ash pit may beregulated and controlled by the door 4 and the ratchet device 5 and 6.

, It is evident that there may be many variations in the constructionand arrangement of the several parts of my invention, and therefore I donot wish to be understood as limiting myself to the exact form ofconstruction and arrangement shown and described.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

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, l. A steam boiler constructed of a cylindrifront opening of saidfurnace chamber and the front; end of said boiler, and the head thereof,which said superheating chamber is surrounded by the extension of saidboiler shell; all substantially as shown.

2. A steam boiler` provided with a combus-v tion chamber at theend'opposite the furnaceVA chamber, a feed water pipe bifurcated orduplicated located within said combustion chamber whose lower main pipeconnection enters the chamber of said boiler at the bottom at or nearthe extreme rearend of said boiler; a sedimentpocketinthe shell ofsaid'boiler atI the bottom thereof and at or near the frontend ofVsaid-boiler; and a blow -o pipe attached to said' sediment pocket andprovided with a stop cock; all substantially as shown.

3. A steam boiler provided witha furnacev chamber located wholly withinthe shell thereof, also provided with a combustion chamber formed of therear end or sheet plate ofV said boiler, the rear head of` said boilerand the extension of said boiler shell; a series or coil of bifurcatedor multiple'divisions of a feed Water pipe located in the rear portionof said combustion chamber and having external connections with thewater supply, the

said multiple divisions of said feed water pipe united'in a single pipewhich enters the bottom of the 'boiler at ornear the rear end thereofand is provided with an elbow or nozzle that discharges the feed waterin the direction of the sediment pocket; all substantially as shown.

4. A steam boiler constructed of an exterior -shell and provided with-afurnace chamber -entirely within said shell the crown sheet and shelland having a furnace chamber wholly within said shell, and whose crownsheet and peripheral walls are surrounded by a water chamber, a sedimentpocket consisting of a depression or bulging in the bottom of saidboiler at or near the front end thereof below the furnace chamber, saidsediment pocket having a blow off pipe, and means for causingcirculation in the water along the bottom of said boiler toward saidsediment pocket; substantially as shown.

6. In a steam boiler constructed of an exterior shell, a furnace chamberwholly within said shell whose peripheral walls are cylindrical to thepoint where they meet the crown sheet, said crown sheet being dat orcrowning; said exterior shell being extended beyond the Iends of platesheets in both directions thereby forming in front of the furnacechamber and the opening of the ues between the ends of plate sheets andthe front. andrear heads of the boiler heating chambers; allsubstantially as shown.

'7. In a steam boiler constructed; of an` exterior shell; afurnacechamber whose crown -sheet is liat orvcrowning and wh'ose'peripheralwalls are cylindrical to the points where they connected with theinterior projecting iiange "of the frontend orsheet plate and theexterior :projecting iiange of said front end of sheet iplate beingconnected-with the shellv of` the boiler; and a superu heating chamberformed infront of said furnace chamber-andthe end ofthe boiler, by saidfront end or sheetplate, the head of the boiler and the extension ofltheboilervshell; all substantially as shown.

8. In a steam boiler constructedof an exterior cylindrical shell havinga furnace chama'flange to be rigidly attached or riveted to :the frontedges of the crown sheet and pe- 'ripheral walls ofl saidfurnace'cha'mber; all

substantially as shown.

9.V A steam boiler constructed of an exterior shell; afurnace chamberlocated wholly with- 'in said shell and a sedimenty pocket-at or nearthe front end of said'shell beneath said furnace chamber; a rearcombustion chamber lilies connecting said furnace chamber and saidcombustion chamber; a front supplementary combustionchamber; anda coilor series of multiple feed water pipes having external connections withthe water supply and lead- `ing by a single pipe into the chamber of thesteam boiler-at its bottom and near the rear end thereof; allsubstantially as shown.

10. In a steam boiler constructed of an exterior shell a furnace chamberlocated wholly withinsaid shell andhaving a lire grate located uponsupports within said furnace chamber and above the bottom thereofforming an IOC IIC

ash pit below said grate; aseries or coil of perforated pipe locatedbeneath said grate and having external pipe connections with the exhaustof the steamcylinders, the steam space of the boiler, and with a fan orblower pipe; said several external connections being providedrespectively with stop cocks whereby the volume of steam exhaust and airmay be regulated; all substantially as shown.

ll. In a steam boiler constructed of an exterior shell a furnace chamberlocated wholly within said shell; a fire grate supported within saidfurnace chamber the rear end thereof supported upon a projection of adetiecting flame plate said flame plate having large perforations in itsupper part whereit rises above the grate; and an opening through thellame plate below said grate vand provided with a removable door; allsubstantially as shown.

l2. In a steam boiler constructed of anexterior shell a furnace chambera lire grate supported within said furnace chamber, a deflecting flameplate located at or near the rear of said furnace grate having largeperforations in its upper part where it rises above the grate; alsohaving an opening below provided with a removable door; and a coil orseries of perforated pipes located beneath said grate; having externalpipe connections with the exhaust of the steam cylinders, the steamspace of the cylinders and with a fan or blower pipe; all substantiallyas shown.

13. In a steam boiler constructed of an exterior shell, which at bothends extends be l yond the limits of the steam and watercharnhinged'together; said heads being provided in their peripherieswith recessed grooves adapted to be supplied with asbestus or otherelastic incomburstible material and to receive thev edges oftherespective ends of said boiler shell; and means for attaching andholding said edges of said boiler heads removably to the edges of saidboiler shell; all substantially as shown. i

14. In a steam boiler a head constructed in two sections hingedtogether; its peripheral Iiange or limit provided with a groove recessedtherein capable of holding asbestgus or other incombustible material andreceiving the edges of the extension of the boiler shell; a port anddoor in its lower section; said door being hinged to said head, andprovided with a fixed ratchet 5, and a spring catch 6 engagingtherewith; all substantially as shown.,U

In witness whereof Ihave hereunto set. my hand in the presence of twoWitnesses.

THOMAS C. BEST. Witnesses: Y

WM. J. STAPLETON,

J. LAWRENCE GERRY.`

